Comment encoder une série d'images dans H264 en utilisant l'API x264 C?

j'ai téléchargé un exemple qui génère des cadres yuv bruts et les encode ensuite en utilisant x264. Le code complet peut être trouvé ici: https://gist.github.com/roxlu/6453908

FFmpeg 2.8.6 exemple exécutable

utiliser FFpmeg comme wrapper pour x264 est une bonne idée, car il expose une API uniforme pour les encodeurs multiples. Donc, si vous avez besoin de changer les formats, vous pouvez changer juste un paramètre au lieu d'apprendre une nouvelle API.

l'exemple synthétise et encode quelques cadres colorés générés par generate_rgb .

commande du type de cadre ( I, P, B ) pour avoir le moins de cadres-clés possible (idéalement juste le premier) est discuté ici: https://stackoverflow.com/a/36412909/895245 comme il a été mentionné, Je ne le recommande pas pour la plupart des applications.

les lignes clés qui contrôlent le type de cadre sont ici:

/* Minimal distance of I-frames. This is the maximum value allowed,
or else we get a warning at runtime. */
c->keyint_min = 600;

et:

if (frame->pts == 1) {
    frame->key_frame = 1;
    frame->pict_type = AV_PICTURE_TYPE_I;
} else {
    frame->key_frame = 0;
    frame->pict_type = AV_PICTURE_TYPE_P;
}

nous pouvons alors vérifier le type de cadre avec:

ffprobe -select_streams v \
    -show_frames \
    -show_entries frame=pict_type \
    -of csv \
    tmp.h264

comme mentionné à: https://superuser.com/questions/885452/extracting-the-index-of-key-frames-from-a-video-using-ffmpeg

Aperçu de la sortie générée .

#include <libavcodec/avcodec.h>
#include <libavutil/imgutils.h>
#include <libavutil/opt.h>
#include <libswscale/swscale.h>

static AVCodecContext *c = NULL;
static AVFrame *frame;
static AVPacket pkt;
static FILE *file;
struct SwsContext *sws_context = NULL;

static void ffmpeg_encoder_set_frame_yuv_from_rgb(uint8_t *rgb) {
    const int in_linesize[1] = { 3 * c->width };
    sws_context = sws_getCachedContext(sws_context,
            c->width, c->height, AV_PIX_FMT_RGB24,
            c->width, c->height, AV_PIX_FMT_YUV420P,
            0, 0, 0, 0);
    sws_scale(sws_context, (const uint8_t * const *)&rgb, in_linesize, 0,
            c->height, frame->data, frame->linesize);
}

uint8_t* generate_rgb(int width, int height, int pts, uint8_t *rgb) {
    int x, y, cur;
    rgb = realloc(rgb, 3 * sizeof(uint8_t) * height * width);
    for (y = 0; y < height; y++) {
        for (x = 0; x < width; x++) {
            cur = 3 * (y * width + x);
            rgb[cur + 0] = 0;
            rgb[cur + 1] = 0;
            rgb[cur + 2] = 0;
            if ((frame->pts / 25) % 2 == 0) {
                if (y < height / 2) {
                    if (x < width / 2) {
                        /* Black. */
                    } else {
                        rgb[cur + 0] = 255;
                    }
                } else {
                    if (x < width / 2) {
                        rgb[cur + 1] = 255;
                    } else {
                        rgb[cur + 2] = 255;
                    }
                }
            } else {
                if (y < height / 2) {
                    rgb[cur + 0] = 255;
                    if (x < width / 2) {
                        rgb[cur + 1] = 255;
                    } else {
                        rgb[cur + 2] = 255;
                    }
                } else {
                    if (x < width / 2) {
                        rgb[cur + 1] = 255;
                        rgb[cur + 2] = 255;
                    } else {
                        rgb[cur + 0] = 255;
                        rgb[cur + 1] = 255;
                        rgb[cur + 2] = 255;
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }
    return rgb;
}

/* Allocate resources and write header data to the output file. */
void ffmpeg_encoder_start(const char *filename, int codec_id, int fps, int width, int height) {
    AVCodec *codec;
    int ret;

    codec = avcodec_find_encoder(codec_id);
    if (!codec) {
        fprintf(stderr, "Codec not found\n");
        exit(1);
    }
    c = avcodec_alloc_context3(codec);
    if (!c) {
        fprintf(stderr, "Could not allocate video codec context\n");
        exit(1);
    }
    c->bit_rate = 400000;
    c->width = width;
    c->height = height;
    c->time_base.num = 1;
    c->time_base.den = fps;
    c->keyint_min = 600;
    c->pix_fmt = AV_PIX_FMT_YUV420P;
    if (codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_H264)
        av_opt_set(c->priv_data, "preset", "slow", 0);
    if (avcodec_open2(c, codec, NULL) < 0) {
        fprintf(stderr, "Could not open codec\n");
        exit(1);
    }
    file = fopen(filename, "wb");
    if (!file) {
        fprintf(stderr, "Could not open %s\n", filename);
        exit(1);
    }
    frame = av_frame_alloc();
    if (!frame) {
        fprintf(stderr, "Could not allocate video frame\n");
        exit(1);
    }
    frame->format = c->pix_fmt;
    frame->width  = c->width;
    frame->height = c->height;
    ret = av_image_alloc(frame->data, frame->linesize, c->width, c->height, c->pix_fmt, 32);
    if (ret < 0) {
        fprintf(stderr, "Could not allocate raw picture buffer\n");
        exit(1);
    }
}

/*
Write trailing data to the output file
and free resources allocated by ffmpeg_encoder_start.
*/
void ffmpeg_encoder_finish(void) {
    uint8_t endcode[] = { 0, 0, 1, 0xb7 };
    int got_output, ret;
    do {
        fflush(stdout);
        ret = avcodec_encode_video2(c, &pkt, NULL, &got_output);
        if (ret < 0) {
            fprintf(stderr, "Error encoding frame\n");
            exit(1);
        }
        if (got_output) {
            fwrite(pkt.data, 1, pkt.size, file);
            av_packet_unref(&pkt);
        }
    } while (got_output);
    fwrite(endcode, 1, sizeof(endcode), file);
    fclose(file);
    avcodec_close(c);
    av_free(c);
    av_freep(&frame->data[0]);
    av_frame_free(&frame);
}

/*
Encode one frame from an RGB24 input and save it to the output file.
Must be called after ffmpeg_encoder_start, and ffmpeg_encoder_finish
must be called after the last call to this function.
*/
void ffmpeg_encoder_encode_frame(uint8_t *rgb) {
    int ret, got_output;
    ffmpeg_encoder_set_frame_yuv_from_rgb(rgb);
    av_init_packet(&pkt);
    pkt.data = NULL;
    pkt.size = 0;
    if (frame->pts == 1) {
        frame->key_frame = 1;
        frame->pict_type = AV_PICTURE_TYPE_I;
    } else {
        frame->key_frame = 0;
        frame->pict_type = AV_PICTURE_TYPE_P;
    }
    ret = avcodec_encode_video2(c, &pkt, frame, &got_output);
    if (ret < 0) {
        fprintf(stderr, "Error encoding frame\n");
        exit(1);
    }
    if (got_output) {
        fwrite(pkt.data, 1, pkt.size, file);
        av_packet_unref(&pkt);
    }
}

/* Represents the main loop of an application which generates one frame per loop. */
static void encode_example(const char *filename, int codec_id) {
    int pts;
    int width = 320;
    int height = 240;
    uint8_t *rgb = NULL;
    ffmpeg_encoder_start(filename, codec_id, 25, width, height);
    for (pts = 0; pts < 100; pts++) {
        frame->pts = pts;
        rgb = generate_rgb(width, height, pts, rgb);
        ffmpeg_encoder_encode_frame(rgb);
    }
    ffmpeg_encoder_finish();
}

int main(void) {
    avcodec_register_all();
    encode_example("tmp.h264", AV_CODEC_ID_H264);
    encode_example("tmp.mpg", AV_CODEC_ID_MPEG1VIDEO);
    return 0;
}

compiler et exécuter avec:

gcc -std=c99 -Wextra a.c -lavcodec -lswscale -lavutil
./a.out
ffplay tmp.mpg
ffplay tmp.h264

testé sur Ubuntu 16.04. GitHub en amont .